Isms: Lesson 3 (Gender)

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Quick recap:
There are four properties of isms (nouns).
1.     Status: rafa’ (doer), nasb (detail), jarr
2.     Number: Singular, pair, plural
3.     Gender
4.     Type

In the previous lessons we discussed about the first two properties of isms, status and number. Today, we are going to be looking at the third property which is, ‘gender’.

Every ism (noun) in Arabic has a gender. The gender could be masculine (Muzakkar) or feminine (Mu-annas). The general rule in Arabic is that a word is always masculine, unless it’s proven to be feminine. Today we will be looking at just one common way a word could be feminine. And that is simply by adding a round ‘thaa’ to the end of a word. The examples below show how that happens.


مُسْلِمٌ                              à                         مُسْلِمَةٌ
Muslim man                                  Muslim woman

نَصِحٌ                         à نَاصِحَةٌ                   
Advisor (male)                               Advisor (female)

طَالِبٌ                         à                          طَالِبَةٌ

Student (male)                              Student (female)


Likewise, we can make the whole “Muslim chart” we learned in the previous lesson feminine, by adding ‘thaa’ to the end of each word. Shown below is the original ‘Muslim chart’ where all the words are masculine and then the feminine Muslim chart.





As you can notice the first two columns only differs by ‘thaa’ added at the end. The last column is a little different for the feminine chart. Rafa’ form of the plural ends with ‘AATUN’ sound while the nasb and jarr forms end with ‘AATIN’ sound.

Memorize both charts until you are thorough with the patterns. Memorize the feminine chart by reading like, muslimathun, muslimathan, muslimathin, muslimathaani, muslimathaini, muslimathaini, muslimaathun, muslimaathin, muslimaathin. Recite it 5 times and see if you can read without looking.

Memorize the charts and do the exercise below.
Exercise:
Recite both the patterns given in the muslim charts for the words given below

مُؤْمِنٌ
مُجَاهِدٌ
مُخْبِرٌ
مُنَافِقٌ


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ކުރީގެ ފިލާވަޅުތަކަށް އަވަސް ނަޒަރެއް:
ކޮންމެ 'އިސްމް' އެއްގައި (ނަމެއްގައި) 4 ސިފައެއްވެއެވެ.
މަޤާމް: ރަފަޢް (ކަންކުރާ ފަރާތް)، ނަޞްބަ (ތަފްޞީލު)، ޖަރް
ޢަދަދު: މުފްރަދް (އެކަތި)، މުޘައްނާ (ދެ އެއްޗެއް)، ޖަމްޢު (ދެއެއްޗަށްވުރެ ގިނަ)
ޖިންސު
ވައްތަރު

ކުރީގެ ފިލާވަޅުތަކުގައި އަހަރުމެން ދަސްކޮށްފައިވަނީ އިސްމްތަކުގެ ފުރަތަމަ ދެ ސިފަ ކަމަށްވާ 'މަޤާމް' އާއި 'ޢަދާދު' އާއި ބެހޭގޮތުންނެވެ. މިއަދު އަހަރުމެން ބަލާލާނީ އިސްމްތަކުގެ ތިންވަނަ ސިފަ ކަމަށްވާ 'ޖިންސް' އަށެވެ.

ޢަރަބި ބަހުގައި ކޮންމެ އިސްމްއަކަށް ވެސް ޖިންސެއްވެއެވެ. އެއީ ފިރިހެން (މުޒައްކަރު) އެހެންނޫނީ އަންހެން (މުއައްނަޘް) ޖިންސެވެ. ޢަރަބި ބަހުގެ ޤަވާޢިދު ބުނާ ގޮތުން ޢާއްމުގޮތެއްގައި ހުރިހާ ބަހަކީ ވެސް ފިރިހެން ބަސްތަކެވެ. އެ ބަސް 'އަންހެން' ކުރުވާ ސަބަބެއްނެތް ނަމައެވެ. މިގޮތުން މިއަދު އަހަރުމެން ބަލާލާނީ ބަހެއް 'އަންހެން' ވާ ޢާއްމު އެންމެ ގޮތަކަށެވެ. އެއީ ބަހެއްގެ ފަހަތަށް 'ތާ' އެއް ލިޔުމެވެ.
މިސާލު:




މިފަދައިން އަހަރުމެންނަށް ކުރީގެ ފިލާވަޅުގައި ފެނުނު މުޅި 'މުސްލިމް ތާވަލް' ގެ ހުރިހާ ބަސްތަކެއްވެސް 'އަންހެން' ކުރެވިދާނެއެވެ. އޭގެއިން ކޮންމެ ބަހެއްގެ ފަހަތަށް 'ތާ' އެއް އިތުރުކޮށްގެނެވެ. ތިރީގައި މިވަނީ 'ފިރިހެން' މުސްލިމް ތާވަލާއި 'އަންހެން' މުސްލިމް ތާވަލެވެ. 




ފާހަގަވާނެ ފަދައިން ދެ ތާވަލުގެ މުފްރަދާއި މުޘައްނާގެ ރޮނގު ތަފާތު ވަނީ ހަމައެކަނި އަންހެން ބަސްތަކުގެ ފަހަތަށް އިތުރުކުރެވިފައިވި 'ތާ' އިންނެވެ. ޖަމްޢުގެ ރޮނގު އަންހެން ތާވަލުގައި ކުޑަކޮށް ތަފާތެވެ. އެ ރޮނގުގައި ރަފަޢްގެ މަޤާމުގައިވާ ބަސް 'އާތުން' އަޑުން ނިމޭއިރު ނަޞްބް އާއި ޖަރް ގެ މަޤާމުގައިވި ބަސްތައް ނިމެނީ 'އާތިން' ގެ އަޑުންނެވެ.

މި ދެ ތާވަލުގެ ބަސްތަކުގައި ހިމެނޭ އަޑުތަކަށް ފަރިތަވަންދެން ދެ ތާވަލުވެސް ހިތުދަސްކުރާށެވެ. އަންހެން ތާވަލު މި ފަދައިން ކިޔާށެވެ. މުސްލިމަތުން، މުސްލިމަތަން، މުސްލިމަތިން، މުސްލިމަތާނި، މުސްލިމަތައިނި، މުސްލިމަތައިނި، މުސްލިމާތުން، މުސްލިމާތިން، މުސްލިމާތިން. މިހެންނެވެ. 5 ފަހަރު ކިޔާފައި އަމިއްލައަށް ނުބަލައި ކިޔޭތޯ ބަލާށެވެ.

ދެ ތާވަލު ނުބަލައި ދަސްކުރުމަށްފަހު ތިރީގައި މިވާ ފަރިތަކުރުން ހަދާށެވެ.

ފަރިތަކުރުން:
ތިރީގައިވާ ބަސްތައް ދެ ތާވަލަށް ފައްތައިގެން ކިޔާށެވެ.
مُؤْمِنٌ
مُجَاهِدٌ
مُخْبِرٌ
مُنَافِقٌ

Comments

  1. Unknown25 January 2019 at 17:21

    السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته ukhutha...alah arabi dhaskura kudhinnah olhidhaane hen hyvany Arabic namaa dhivehi nan dhima nuve huryma...

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Jana Mohamed25 January 2019 at 18:14

      Wa'alaikumussalaam wa rahmathullahi. jana Arabi dhaskuri thajuribaa ah visnaafa mi genesdheny. jana ves hedhi online course ga furathama Arabi basthah beynun nukurevey. English basthakun mulhin kiyevy. e concept thah fahum veema Arabi basthah beynun kuran feshy :)

      Arabi bahaa dhivehi nan dhimaa nuve ey thi maana kurany kon thankolhakun kan tafseel kohdhinun edhen :)

      Delete
  2. Unknown25 January 2019 at 18:26

    Mi buny kiyava firihen kuhjja aa dhimaga thalibathun migothah huri vaahaka aslu egay ehen liyaairu font egothah vaakan ekam neygey kudhinnah olhi dhaanethy bunely

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Jana Mohamed25 January 2019 at 18:41

      Jazaakallah Khairan! :) mihaaru rangalhu koffin. jana eythi blog ga draft koh hedhi iruves rangalhah hury. ehenve faahaga nuvy. kuriah oiy thanuga kiyuntherinnah fenna goiy balan handhaan bahattaanan In Sha Allah :)

      Delete
  3. Unknown25 January 2019 at 18:41

    Sorry fonteh noon ... mibuni dhivehi aa arabi liyaa iru vv dhimavey egothah

    ReplyDelete

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