Harf of Jarr (English)

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Harf of Jarr


These are called Harf of Jarr.
These are harf so they make no sense unless there is a word after it.
These are not ism or fi’l.
A harf has no properties. (no status, number, gender or type)
They have jobs. To beat up the word after them,
Harf of jarr means only a jarr word can come after these.
The word that beats is called Jaar.
The word that gets beaten is called Majroor.

Eg:                 أَعُوْذُ بِاللّهِ
بِ right before the word Allah is a harf of jarr. And hence the word Allah ends with a kasra.
بِ is the jaar
The word Allah is the majroor.

Eg 2:      مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ
مِنْ is the Jaar
الشَّيْطَانِ is the Majroor.

Eg 3:  بِسْمِ اللّهِ
بِ is the Jaar.
إِسمِ is the Majroor

Quick Exercise: Identify the Jaar and Majroor in the following
لِللّهِ
Jaar –
Majroor –

فِيْهِ
Jaar –
Majroor –

عَلَيْكُمْ
Jaar –
Majroor –

لِرَبِّكَ
Jaar –
Majroor –

Answers:
لِلّهِ
Jaar – لِ
Majroor – The word اللّه

فِيْهِ
Jaar –   فِي
Majroor – هِ  (this is the nasb or jarr version of هُوَ. But in this case its definitely jarr since it came after a harf of jarr.)

عَلَيْكُمْ
Jaar – عَلَى
Majroor –كُمْ

لِرَبِّكَ
Jaar – لِ
Majroor – رَبِّ
Meaning of the harf of jarr.
بِ – with
تَ – only used with the word Allah. Eg: تَاللّهِ. By itself, it means I swear by.
كَ – it means ‘like’. Eg: كَوَلَدٍ (like a boy)
لَ  or لِ – both of them mean ‘for’
With pronouns لَ is used. Eg: لَكُمْ  (for all of you)
In all other cases لِ is used. Eg: لِلّهِ (for Allah)
وَ – means I swear. Unlike تَ it can be used with any word. Eg: وَالْعَصْرِ (I swear by time)
Note: We are not allowed to swear by anything except Allah. Only Allah swears by what He created.
مِن – means from.
When you want to connect this to a word separate from it, you add a fathha to the ن
Eg: مِنَ اللّهِ
فِي – means in.
عَن – about
When you connect this to another word you add a kasra to the ن
Eg: عَنِ الْمُجْرِمِيْنَ
عَلَى – upon/on
When it’s a pronoun its pronounced as ‘alai’
Eg: عَلَيْكَ

حَتَّى – until

إِلَى – to/towards
When it’s with a pronoun its pronounced as ‘ilai’
Eg: إِلَيْهِ

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